Updates and resources to help your land trust navigate changes and adapt to new future processes.
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Since taking office on January 20, President Donald Trump has issued an unprecedented number of executive orders and other administrative actions that touch on almost every part of the federal government. These directives will also impact state and local governments, companies, nonprofit organizations and individuals across the country, though in what ways and to what degree is not yet clear.
These actions have created funding uncertainty and other challenges for the land trust community, and the Land Trust Alliance is committed to advocating for land trusts and private land conservation, to creating opportunities for land trusts to come together, and to providing its members with tools, resources and information to help them navigate through these changes and adapt to new future processes.
Congressional action
On July 3, the U.S. House voted on final passage of the budget reconciliation bill. The president signed this sweeping legislation into law on July 4. The bill, which did not change from the version passed by the Senate on July 2, covers a lot of ground. Below are the provisions that will most directly impact the work of land trusts.
Here’s the good news for the land trust community:
The bill secures the remaining Inflation Reduction Act funding that was directed to Farm Bill conservation programs and would result in a 20-25% increase in baseline funding for the conservation title for the next Farm Bill and beyond.
The bill makes permanent the ability for taxpayers who do not itemize to claim up to $1,000 for individuals ($2,000 for married couples) for charitable donations.
In other good news, the bill does not include:
A provision that would have increased the tax on net investment of certain private foundations.
Language mandating the sale of certain public lands.
Language rescinding the remaining Inflation Reduction Act funding for the Forest Legacy Program.
Language that would have undermined conservation easements.
Unfortunately, the bill also includes language that would limit and discourage charitable donations made by corporations and high-income taxpayers, potentially leaving nonprofit organizations with fewer resources to serve their communities.
With the reconciliation bill soon to be signed into law, Congress will shift its focus to funding the federal government beyond September 30. The administration’s budget request calls for drastic cuts across the federal government, and our community needs to contact congressional offices to underscore the importance of the federal programs that advance voluntary private land conservation.
Fiscal Year 2026 budget process
Posted May 5
On May 2, the president released his “skinny” budget — an outline of the administration’s fiscal year 2026 budget request that is expected to be released in the next week or so.
The fiscal year 2026 budget proposal calls for $163 billion — or nearly 23% of non-defense spending — in federal cuts and the elimination of key programs across the federal government while providing a 13% increase for the Department of Defense and a nearly 65% increase for the Department of Homeland Security.
Please note that this is only the first step in the very long process of funding the federal government. Each year, the administration submits a “skinny” budget followed by the full budget request, which Congress may or may not consider as it works on bills to fund the federal government.
The proposed cuts included in this request, underscore the importance of our community regularly educating decision-makers at all levels of government about the important work of land trusts and the programs that advance voluntary private land conservation. You can find information about how to educate decision-makers about your great work or contact us at policy@lta.org.
The memo placed a freeze on nearly all federal grants and loans, domestically and internationally, effectively hitting the pause button on money appropriated by Congress for specific, pre-ordained purposes. The Office of Management and Budget rescinded the directive on January 28, 2025, but many funds are still on hold. Multiple court orders placed the freeze on hold, and the most recent issued on April 15, 2025, ordered the Trump administration to release the funds. Following this decision the U.S. Department of Agriculture notified grantees about the ruling and informed them the court’s preliminary injunction is under review and to expect more information in the coming days. Since that time, some grantees have been notified that the agency will proceed with paying previously approved contracts, grants and agreements including those funded by the Inflation Reduction Act.
Requires agency heads to coordinate with DOGE team leads to build a system to record every contract and grant payment with a written justification for each payment. It also requires agency heads to consult with DOGE team leads to review all existing grants and contracts within 30 days and terminate or modify them to “promote efficiency and advance the policies of my [a]dministration.” Additionally, it freezes all federal employee credit cards, with some exceptions for those engaged in emergency response, and requires extra justification for federal employee travel.
Directs certain agencies to add sunset provisions to regulations that govern energy production. The executive order includes a list of covered agencies and regulations that includes the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, the Endangered Species Act of 1973 and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976. It directs the covered agencies to issue a sunset rule that is effective not later than September 30, 2025, and sets “Conditional Sunset Date of 1 year after the effective date of the sunset rule.”
Section (d) of the order prohibits the covered agencies from extending the conditional sunset date for any covered regulation for longer than five years and directs agencies to offer an opportunity for public input on the costs and benefits of each regulation prior to the expiration date of the rule. If the conditions established in Section (d) are not satisfied, the agencies will treat covered regulations as ceasing to be effective and remove them from the Code of Federal Regulations.
Gives the heads of executive departments and agencies 60 days to identify “certain categories of unlawful and potentially unlawful regulations” and to begin plans to repeal them. It prioritizes existing regulations that may be impacted by the following U.S. Supreme Court decisions:
Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, 603 U.S. 369 (2024)
West Virginia v. EPA, 597 U.S. 697 (2024)
SEC v. Jarkesy, 603 U.S. 109 (2024)
Michigan v. EPA, 576 U.S. 743 (2015)
Sackett v. EPA, 598 U.S. 651 (2023)
Ohio v. EPA, 603 U.S. 279 (2024)
Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid, 594 U.S. 139 (2021)
Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. 181 (2023)
Carson v. Makin, 596 U.S. 767 (2022)
Roman Cath. Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo, 592 U.S. 14 (2020)
It further directs the agency heads to finalize rules repealing the “unlawful regulations” without notice and comment in most cases.
Outlines measures to safeguard and strengthen the reliability and security of the U.S. energy grid in light of increased demand from the new economy including the siting of data centers. Directs the secretary of energy to identify ways to “streamline, systemize and expedite processes for issuing orders under section 202(c) of the Federal Power Act during periods of temporary interruption of energy supply.” It gives the secretary of energy 30 days to “develop a uniform methodology for analyzing current and anticipated reserve margins for all regions…regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission…”
Directs the attorney general to consult with appropriate heads of executive departments and agencies to “identify all state and local laws, regulations, causes of actions, policies and practices…burdening the identification, development, siting, production or use of domestic energy resources that are or may be unconstitutional, preempted by federal law or otherwise unenforceable.”
It further directs the attorney general to:
Prioritize state laws that address “climate change” or involve “environmental, social and governance” initiatives, “environmental justice,” carbon or “greenhouse gas” emissions, and funds to collect carbon penalties or carbon taxes.
Take all appropriate action to stop enforcement of state laws and continuation of civil actions determined to be illegal.
Submit a report to the president regarding actions taken within 60 days of effective date of the order.
Exempts certain stationary sources subject to the final Environmental Protection Agency rule, “Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal- and Oil- Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units Review of the Residual Risk and Technology Review,” 89 FR 38508. The final rule was published on July 8, 2024, and made Mercury and Air Toxics Standards, or MATS, more stringent. The order is targeted toward exempting coal-fired power plants from the 2024 final rule until July 8, 2024, and placing these plants under the preexisting MATS rule.
Outlines actions to increase domestic production of coal by designating coal as a mineral as defined in section 2 of Executive Order 14241 effective March 25, 2025, “Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production.” Directs the secretaries of interior, agriculture and energy to submit a report to the president identifying coals resources and reserves on federal lands and to assess and address impediments to mining these coal resources to enable mining by private or public actors.
It further directs the secretaries of agriculture and interior and other relevant agencies to take additional actions including:
Prioritize coal leasing as the primary use of public lands with known coal resources.
Identify guidance, regulations, programs and policies that transition aware from coal production and electricity generation.
Rescind any policies or regulations that discourage coal production and coal-fired electricity generation.
Identify pre-existing categorial exclusions pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act that could further the production and export of coal.
Requires agency heads in coordination with DOGE team leads to review all regulations for consistency with law and administration priorities within 60 days. Upon review agency heads will consult with the administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs to develop a “unified regulatory agenda that seeks to rescind or modify these regulations.”
Established the National Energy Dominance Council comprised of cabinet members and other Trump appointees. The council advises the president on using executive authority to make America more energy-dominant and includes a list of things for review, including ways to cut red tape and rapidly approve the construction of energy infrastructure.
Authorizes the use of emergency authorities to facilitate the generation of domestic energy resources, including on federal lands and through the possible use of eminent domain or the Defense Production Act; expedites the completion of all authorized and appropriated energy infrastructure projects.
Calls for actions to streamline the permitting process of energy infrastructure siting and for a pause on the disbursement of Inflation Reduction Act and Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act funding to provide for a 90-day review. Also rescinds a number of previous executive orders and actions related to climate change, renewable energy and environmental justice. This has been followed up by Office of Management and Budget guidance clarifying the pause applies only to funds associated with the Green New Deal.
Repeals civil service rule that requires employees in certain federal positions to serve a probationary period and replaces it with a new rule that would require “certification that the probationer will be an asset to the Government,” and states that a “probationer’s” employment would automatically terminate at the end of the probation period unless certified.
Extends the federal hiring freeze imposed by Executive Order 14170 to July 15, 2025. The freeze prohibits all executive departments and agencies from filling vacant positions or creating a new position unless required by law. The hiring freeze does not include military personnel, immigration enforcement, national security or public safety as well as the Executive Office of the President. It grants the Office of Personnel Management the authority to make additional exceptions as necessary.
Puts into place “[p]residential supervision and control of the entire executive branch” including independent agencies. States that the president and the attorney general, subject to the president’s supervision and control, "shall provide authoritative interpretations of law for the executive branch.”
Outlines additional actions targeted at reducing the federal workforce. It states that for every new federal hire, four federal employees must leave the workforce. In addition, under this EO agency heads must consult with a Department of Government Efficiency team lead before hiring any new staff.
Targeted at reducing the federal workforce, it requires the assistant to the president for domestic policy, in consultation with the director of the Office of Management and Budget, the director of the Office of Personnel Management and the administrator of the Department of Government Efficiency to develop a hiring plan within 120 days of issuance of the order.
Orders agencies to stop funding nonprofits that undermine the national interest. It does not provide a definition for "national interest" or "nonprofits."
Calls for the elimination of federal government Diversity, Equity and Inclusion programs and trainings, often provided by or in partnership with nonprofits. This order also extends to the private sector and calls for a strategic enforcement plan to “deter DEI programs or principles that constitute illegal discrimination or preferences” in the private sector.
Directs the Office of Management and Budget and the Office of Personnel Management to coordinate with all federal agencies to terminate all DEI programs in federal agencies, including equity related grants and equity action plans.
This memorandum voices support for preventing the spread of invasive carp into the Great Lakes and calls on the state of Illinois to move forward with the land acquisition necessary to construct the Brandon Road Interbasin Project, which was authorized as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020. It appears to provide the assurance sought by the state of Illinois that the federal government will fulfill its commitment to provide $274 million toward this project. It urges the federal agencies to streamline environmental review and permitting so that construction can begin by July 1, 2025.
Directs the Secretary of the Interior to identify any public monuments, memorials, statues, markers or similar properties that were removed or changed to “perpetuate false construction of American history, inappropriately minimize the value of certain historical events or figures, or include any other improper partisan ideology.” It further directs the secretary to take action to reinstate the monuments, memorials, statues, markers or similar property and to ensure they “do not contain descriptions, depictions or other content that inappropriately disparage American past or living…and focus on the greatness of the achievements and progress of the American people…” In addition, it directs the secretary to provide funding to improve the infrastructure of Independence National Historic Park and to complete the work by July 4, 2026. Finally, it directs the vice president to consult with the president’s special assistant to remove improper ideology from Smithsonian properties.
Gives agency heads involved in the permitting of mineral production ten days to give the chair of the National Energy Dominance Council a list of all mineral production projects seeking approval have been submitted to the agency. Upon receipt of the list, the chair has ten days to identify priority projects for immediate approval or expedited permitting. The project shall then be submitted to the executive director of the Permitting Council and published on the Permitting Dashboard. Further requires the Secretary of the Interior to provide a list of all federal lands with mineral deposits and reserves and to prioritize mineral production on these lands. Allows the agencies to provide loans and other assistance to mineral production project sponsors.
Rescinds an additional eighteen executive orders and presidential memorandums issued by former President Biden including actions to advance the human rights of LGBTQI persons around the world; reform federal funding and support for Tribal Nations to focus on Tribal responsibilities and promote the Tribal self-determination; and spur domestic production of things such as solar panels and heat pumps.
Gives the secretaries of Interior and Agriculture 30 days to work through the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service to issue new or updated guidance regarding tools to increase timber production and decrease timber supply uncertainty. It directs the secretaries of the Interior and Commerce departments to work through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the assistant administrator for fisheries to complete a strategy in 60 days to speed the approval of forestry projects under section 7 of the Endangered Species Act and to examine existing authorities to delegate section 7 consultation of the ESA to other agencies. It directs all relevant agencies to eliminate, to the maximum extent permissible by law, all undue delays to timber production.
Rescinds 14 of President Biden’s executive orders relating to climate change and environmental justice, including EO 14008, "Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad,” which contained a commitment to conserve 30% of America’s lands and waters by 2030, also known as “30x30."
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The Impacts of the Recent Executive Orders on Nonprofits
A regularly updated collection of information and resources from the National Council of Nonprofits, including a summary chart which outlines some of the EOs that may affect nonprofits directly or indirectly.
Take Action
Find out how you can educate decision makers about your land conservation work.